T9908“请你翻译”

　　T9908“请你翻译”参考译文：

办公自动化

　　办公自动化是应用计算机和通信技术去改善办事人员和管理人员工作效率的技术。在50年代中期，这一术语就被用作各种数据处理，主要是文书工作自动化的同义词。经若干年搁置后，70年代中期该词再次被用来描述字和文本处理系统，这种系统后来又与强有力的计算机结合导致所谓“未来综合电子办公室”的出现。
　　办公自动化系统的主要功能包括文本处理、电子邮件、信息存储和检索、个人事务辅助管理和任务管理。实现这些功能要依靠各种类型的硬件，通常包括视频显示终端、输入键盘和打印“优质字符”的硬拷贝输出设备。
　　当今的机构配置了各种各样的办公自动化硬件和软件，包括电话及计算机系统、电子邮件、字处理、桌面印刷系统、数据库管理系统、双向电缆电视、办公室对办公室的卫星广播、联机数据库服务、声音识别及合成系统，这些设备都力图使目前手工完成的任务和功能自动化。专家认为达到办公自动化的关键在于综合性——将各硬软件紧密结合成一个完整的系统，使得信息处理和通信技术应用最充分，人的干预最少。这些目标在(1)计算机、通信设备和办公室设备联成网络；(2)办公室职员能方便地通过自己桌面上的计算机访问整个系统时，就达到了。到那时，办公室职员的工作方式会发生重大的变化。
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获奖读者：
云南陈　超重庆周　宇浙江蔡　群广西黄幸江苏张一栋
河北王　露湖北吴建华河南韩　音安徽王玮广东王　宏

　　T9909“请你翻译”原文：

ROBOTICS

　　The word robot was chosen by Czech playwright Karel Capek in his play R.U.R.(Rossum's Universal Robots),in the early 1920s,because at that time the work was used to mean slave labor.Actually,the vision that many people have of robots is far from the reality of the working robots in factories.A robot is a programmable,general－purpose manipulator.Robots in the factory are replacing hard automation,that is,dedicated equipment that can perform only a single operation under a carefully controlled set of circumstances.Hard automation equipment is very specialized and,therefore,not adaptable to a wide variety of tasks.The design challenge in robotics is now to make general－purpose robots that can easily be programmed to perform a wide variety of tasks at costs that are less than that of a human worker.
　　According to SRI International,a leading AI（Artificial Intelligence)research organization,the goal of AI research in the factory is to produce programmable industrial automation,which is characterized by three features:(1)flexibility,or the capability to perform different tasks,(2)ease of training,or the capability of people to program new tasks,and (3)artificial intelligence,or the ability to perceive conditions that may be unpredictable and plan appropriate actions.
　　Now people are beginning to view robots not only as machines that replace people but as extensions of a company's information system,in which all aspects of manufacturing,materials handling,design,administration,production,assembly,quality control,packaging,and shipping are integrated and coordinated under one information system.